Indonesia is crossed by the Pacific Ring of Fire arc. There are about 400 volcanoes in Indonesia. Mount Kelud, in East Java, is one of Indonesia’s 130 active volcanoes.
In February 2014, Mount Kelud has erupted and caused damaged to people and land until about 700 km from it. Kelud farmers were those who suffer most. After their houses were no longer habitable, what was worse for residents who mostly worked as farmers was the loss of their livelihood, as their lands, farms, and rice fields were damaged.
Hundreds of hectares of plantation crops were damaged by the eruption of Mount Kelud, while rice fields were eroded by cold lava, causing a decline in their productin to 30-40 percent.